Genetic Engineering The Field Of Human Biotechnology

Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is a set of techniques for isolating, transforming, multiplying and recombining genes from different organisms. Simply put, it is the process of manually adding new DNA to an organism. Genetic engineering originated in the 1970s as a result of the discovery of several key techniques in molecular genetics. It is also referred to as recombinant (rDNA) technology. Genetic Engineering enables geneticists to transfer genes between species that belong to different kingdoms which have no probability of inter-breeding in nature. For instance, a fish gene can be transferred to a plant; human genes can be transferred to animals. A gene is a section of DNA on the chromosome, usually about a†¦show more content†¦It can be said that only one of 100 fertilized eggs produce a viable offspring. An example is the Dolly the Sheep , a female domestic sheep and the first mammal to be cloned from an adult somatic cell (nuclear transfer) on July 5 1996. Moreover, Scientists are planning to make the first human clone. However, most Scientists prefer the therapeutic cloning to the reproductive cloning due to the complexity of humans and the ethical issues involved. In therapeutic cloning, cells are taken from healthy organs and completely new organs are given to people who need organ transplants (Campbell and Reece, 2005). There are always two sides to a coin. Genetic engineering has both benefits and disadvantages. Through Genetic engineering, parents can modify their unborn children in order to spare them from disease. It can be used to treat human genetic disorders. According to Medical scientists, there are about 3,000 disorders that arise because of errors in an individual s DNA with conditions such as sickle-cell anaemia, Tay-Sachs disease, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Huntington s chorea, cystic fibrosis, to mention a few. These could result from the loss, mistaken insertion, or change of a single nitrogen base in a DNA molecule. Scientists use the process of Genetic Engineering to provide individuals lacking a particular gene with correct copies of that gene. If the correct gene functions effectively,

Sigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology - 1283 Words

Sigmund Freud (1856-1939), is a pioneer in the field of psychology in various ways. His dedication to his field helped shape the minds of many nineteen-century contemporary schools of thought. Most notably, Freud’s work in psychoanalytic theory, according to Tan (2011) earned him the title of, â€Å"father of psychoanalysis† (p. 322). Moreover, Tan Taykeyesu (2011) report that Freud’s genius is not just in psychoanalysis, but also when we â€Å"think Oedipus complex, infantile sexuality, and repression† (p. 322). His work is purposeful even in today’s therapeutic setting as Edwards Edwards (2010) argue as a â€Å"form of energy source† (p. 221). Still, Freud had his critics that argue his work was simply quackery built upon a heap of a mindaltering drug such as cocaine, and his Freudian psychoanalytic theory unworthy of acclamation (Friedman, 2011, p. 301). The purpose of this paper is not to argue Freud as an imposter, but provide still, another historical perspective of his life and relevant contributions in today’s therapeutic setting, and his school of thought as a useful psychoanalytical theory. Who was Sigmund Freud? According to Tan Taykeyesu (2011), Freud was born May 6, 1856 in Freiberg, Moravia to a wool merchant and an adoring and attentive mother. He had five siblings, but his mother treated Freud exceptionally well, placing his needs above his siblings. Tan Taykeyesu (2011) in their research communicate, â€Å"His doting mother often describing him as â€Å"my golden Siggie.† HeShow MoreRelatedSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology1222 Words   |  5 Pagesof Europe, an Austrian neurologist and founder of psychoanalysis named Sigmund Freud constructed an original approach to the understanding of human psychology. Prior to the founding of psychoanalysis, mental illness was thought to come from some kind of deterioration or disease rooted in the brain. The certitude that physical diseases of the brain induced mental illness signified that psychological origins were disregarded. Freud insisted on studying the topic hoping to change the way society thoughtRead MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology942 Words   |  4 PagesSigmund Freud continues to be the subject of conversation in the field of psychology. The conversations seem to lead to Freud versus another imperative person in the field, such as B.F. Skinner. According to Overskeid (2007) most research articles focus on the difference between the two. Here the author takes a different app roach, looks at similarities within the psychanalysis dynamics. The two agreed upon human predicament that people are controlled by forces which they are not conscious (OverskeidRead MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology1233 Words   |  5 Pages Sigmund Freud is the idealist that concepted the idea of verbal psychotherapy, Freudian Psychology. His theories of psychoanalysis are based upon understand the unconscious mind. His ideals portray that there are three key components that are responsible for a human beings personality. These components include id, ego and superego. Freud s major contributions to todays society and study of psychology are his theories on the unconscious mind, dreams, libido, infantile sexuality, repression and transferenceRead MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology1299 Words   |  6 Pagesand touch known as the â€Å"mesmeric pass† (Kirsch et.al., 1995). Psychoanalysis was introduced by Sigmund Freud. Freud conceptualized the mind, metaphorically, as an ancient, buried ruin which had to been unearthed much like an archeologist would unearth the treasures of an ancient civilization. Freud s influence can be traced from his hard core natural science background as a student of neurology. Freud s version of psychoanalysis had its predecessor in the work with hysterics conducted by neurologistsRead MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology Essay967 Words   |  4 PagesPsychoanalysis is an approach to psychology that was made well known as a way to bring for the unconscious to the conscious. It is theorized that the memories that we store in our unconscious affects us, and can cause neurotic behaviors. The approaches also include Analytical, Individual. Three people that worked on these theories are Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, and Alfred Adler. Each of these men approached psychoanalysis in both similar and individual ways, and have thei r own theories that will be furtherRead MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology And Psychology1073 Words   |  5 PagesLuwanna Perry Theories Counseling 06/27/2014 Sigmund Freud Sigmund Freud is considered to be the most important figures in the field of psychiatry and psychology. His ideas about psychoanalysis were developed in the 1800’s but are still being used today in the mental health field (www.studymode.com). Sigmund Freud was one of the pioneers/innovator of modern-day psychology. â€Å"As the originator of psychoanalysis, Freud distinguished himself as anRead MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology1568 Words   |  7 Pages Freud Sigmund Yifan Wang Current issues in history Vanier College 2014-11-11 Freud Sigmund In the 19th century, people progressed toward a new era of scientific revolution with new inventions and technologies. Doctors find treatment to heal cancer and people lives longer than before. On the other hand, Freud Sigmund the Jewish psychiatrist offered a new cure to mental illness that individual suffers from (The European Graduate School, 2012). Although he may have the most of influenceRead MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology Essay980 Words   |  4 PagesAt the start psychology was not a science; it was ‘made up’. In pre-historic age it was believed any behaviour that swayed from ‘the norm’ was due to demonic spirits possessing the brain. Advances in treatments and medicine, allow us to recognise how barbarous this belief was. The progress of these advances was clear by the opening of the first experimental laboratory in 1879 by Wilhelm Wundt. Wundt’s establishment of psychology as an academic discipline exaggerated how obsolete the pr evious wayRead MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology Essay1215 Words   |  5 PagesSigmund Freud, originally a neurologist, is a well-known psychologist that developed the field of psychoanalytic psychology. Although he died in 1939 his theories and practices live on and many psychologists will still consult Freud’s ideas when faced with specific cases. Freud was a firm believer in the notion that sex and aggression is the root of motivation for all human behavior and many people agree with him, but one of his former collogues, Alfred Adler, would come to disagree with this ideaRead MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology1939 Words   |  8 Pagesdevelopments in psychology that support the where our development into each stage come from. For starters there’s Sigmund Freud, a main contributor to psychology (neurologist), that believed there is a specific order in the stages of development. His stages are called Psychosexual Stages of Development. The Five stages include Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latent, and Genital. (As seen in Figure 1) These developments are more on the physical side to growing into puberty and so on. Freuds ideas are the first

Computer Dependency and Addiction Essays - 646 Words

Computers have taken over our lives. Computers are great things, and are very useful in everyday life, but they create distractions, which just makes us stay closer to computer rather than from the computer. In our modern day world, computers have absolute importance all around us, at work, at schools, at malls etc. It is impossible to run away from the devices and we’ve become so attached on it that we can’t do things on our own now. For example, say you were doing some homework and you couldn’t figure out the answer, instead of trying to understand the problem or asking a peer for help, you go on Google and find the answer. This attachment takes away from our mind from learning and thinking and it will remain with us until we†¦show more content†¦Most of people’s daily routine is come home, watch Television, play, Xbox, and laptop until dinner, and probably repeats after dinner. Computers are the center of everything nowadays. Our money is on co mputers, and on relationships. If you took them away, no one would think for himself or herself in this world. In 100 years, I don’t think people will know what the words book or paper mean. If this continues, one day, our entire lives will be on computers. If you use technology in a smart way then there is no problem about it. But if you use it in a wrong way it’s not good for you and the people around you. We should all learn to appreciate new technology, but not to take it for granted. Not thinking all highly but in the year 2400, mankind will be forces upon Artificial Intelligence Uprising. To stop this computer addiction you must take the first step and set your boundaries. You want to make sure that you set a plan to modify your routines to prevent from staying too long on the computer. If you give yourself a daily limit, overcoming your computer addiction will be much easier, because when it comes time to stop, you can remind yourself that youll be able to continue again tomorrow. Giving yourself daily limits can help you so you won’t feel compelled while on the computer. To help your Internet addiction, you can do it yourself by reading about it and start the process of overcoming this addiction. One self-help method for overcoming a computerShow MoreRelatedSocietys Addiction to Computers Essay781 Words   |  4 Pagestechnology, computers have developed to be the leader of the world. Increasingly, computers are playing more roles in helping people to remember a friend’s birthday or maintain relationships with others. Therefore , they have contributed positive to the development of relationships and improvement of the general knowledge of the society. Critics however argue that the society is becoming progressively more dependent on computers. In this essay, the arguments for the dependency on computers will be presentedRead MoreWhat Are the Disadvantages of Computer Addiction?900 Words   |  4 Pagesoptions for computer addiction treatment, one point regarding addiction to the computer needs to be made : Computer addiction is not an official psychiatric diagnosis. Despite a growing movement to have obsessive computer and internet use included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), so far this has not happened. In relative terms when disadvantages of computer addiction compared to other addictions such as alcoholism and drug addiction, computer addiction is a veryRead MoreInternet Addiction And Digital Dependency Among Young New Zealand Adults Essay1519 Words   |  7 Pagesis a new form of addiction impacting societies from all around the world. This addiction is internet addiction or digital dependency which poses the question: Is there any neurological research to confirm there is a digital dependency among young New Zealand adult? An analysis of literature relating to the keywords of the proposed question will be discussed according to reoccurring themes identified. The themes include defining what internet addiction is, diagnosing the addiction, neurological effectsRead MoreIs Internet Addiction Disorder? Essay1483 Words   |  6 Pages Internet addiction disorder, more commonly called problematic Internet use, refers to excessive computer use which interferes with daily life. Intern et overuse, problematic computer use, or pathological computer use, problematic Internet use, or Internet addiction disorder. In the most recent version of the DSM-5, Internet Gaming Disorder is the latest term to describe this problem. History IAD was originally proposed as a disorder in a satirical hoax by Ivan Goldberg, M.D., in 1995, althoughRead MoreAre we too Dependent on Computers?1091 Words   |  4 Pagesspeaking about technology and dependency at the same time, one may directly think of computers due to their remarkable capabilities to make humans dependent on them because these machines reduce work pressure as well as the time needed to finish a specific task. Computers are programmable machines, their main characteristic is responding to a specific set of instructions (Wikipedia). It is arguable that computer dependencies is not as bad as some think. Noticeably, computers play a huge role in supportingRead MoreComputer Addiction1293 Words   |  6 PagesComputer addiction   A disorder in which the individual turns to the Internet or plays computer games in an attempt to change moods, overcome anxiety, deal with  depression, reduce isolation or loneliness, or distract themselves from overwhelming problems. The elderly, as well as children and adolescents, are particularly vulnerable because they may not realize the extent of their dependency. In many instances, individuals with computer addiction may seek help for another condition, suchRead MoreThe Effects Of Internet On The Internet1520 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Internet becoming such a used tool, many people have grown dependent on the Internet for their daily lives. This dependency and over-usage of the Internet sometimes leads to negative symptoms, many which are similar to those of addictions. The World Wide Web first made its appearance to the public in the mid-1990s. It was used as a means of sharing information across computers. Ever since then, use of the Internet has emerged rapidly. With the new World Wide Web, everyone was allowed to participateRead MoreEvidence For Food Dependency And Addiction1040 Words   |  5 PagesEvidence for Food Dependency/Addiction Flora is feeling hungry, but she just ate. She walks around trying to forget about the urge to pick up a donut or a random snack from the cupboard. Flora can’t get the food out of her mind. She feels like the food is calling her from the kitchen saying, â€Å"Eat me, eat me!† Flora gets up and makes her way to the food. She picks up granola bar, and opens it. The granola bar tastes wonderful and she is content, but then the bar was gone, and a few minutes later sheRead MoreThe Risks Associated with Computer Dependency1031 Words   |  5 PagesComputers have found their way into nearly every part of our lives. They are intended to make our lives easier and they usually fulfill that purpose very well. They enable us to work from home, stay connected with loved ones who live too far to visit, and they provide us with a constant source of entertainment whenever and wherever we want. The earliest computers were built fifty years ago and it is only in last thirty or so years that their influence has affected our everyday life. In this briefRead More Computer Addiction Essay913 Words   |  4 Pagespitfall many have fallen victim to is that of computer addiction. Computer addiction can be defined as the obsessive use of computers that interferes with daily life. This addiction has been shown through many activities over computers such as video gaming, chat rooms, and net surfing to just name a few. In order to truly understand what computer addiction is one must understand the symptoms and motivations that lead one to become addicted. Computer addictions have been found in every race, gender, and

The Sarbanes Oxley Act Of 2002 Essay - 1605 Words

The United States has one of the biggest and fastest growing economies of the world. Our financial system has been affected by numerous crises throughout the years and as a result Congress has reacted in the most recent times and two well-known acts have been signed into laws by the presidents at the time to protect investors and consumers alike. A brief overview of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, a discussion of some of the provisions therein, opinions of others regarding the act and also my personal and professional opinion will be discussed below. The same will be examined about the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act. Senators Paul Sarbanes and Michael Oxley were the sponsors of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which represented a tremendous change to federal securities law. The act was signed into law by president George W. Bush who described it as â€Å"the most far reaching reforms of American business practices since the time of Franklin Delano Roosevelt1.† After the financial scandals implicating Enron, WorldCom and Global Crossing, the public needed to restore their trust in the public financial statements of the companies and that’s where the SOX Act of 2002 came into place. The act is composed of eleven titles which require numerous reforms to prevent accounting fraud, increase corporate responsibilities, among others. Title I of the SOX Act of 2002 is divided into nine sections that go from the establishment of the Public Company AccountingShow MoreRelatedSarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002985 Words   |  4 Pages Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 Week # 2 Individual Assignment â€Æ' Sox Key Main Aspects for a Regulatory Environment Sarbanes-Oxley Act was passed in 2002 by former president George Bush. Essentially to combat the Enron crisis. The Sox Act basically has regulatory control and creates an enviroment that is looking out for the public. Ideally this regulatory environment protects the public from fraud within corporations. Understanding, that while having this regulatoryRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act Of 20021614 Words   |  7 PagesThe Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) was enacted to bring back public trust in markets. Building trust requires ethics within organizations. Through codes of ethics, organizations are put in line to conduct themselves in a manner that promotes public trust. Through defining a code of ethics, organizations can follow, market becomes fair for investors to have confidence in the integrity of the disclosures and financial reports given to them. The code of ethics include â€Å"the promotion of honest andRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act Of 20021563 Words   |  7 PagesThe Sa rbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) was enacted to bring back public trust in markets. Building trust requires ethics within organizations. Through codes of ethics, organizations conduct themselves in a manner that promotes public trust. Through defining a code of ethics, organizations can follow, the market becomes fair for investors to have confidence in the integrity of the disclosures and financial reports given to them. The code of ethics includes the promotion of honest and ethical conductRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act Of 20021015 Words   |  5 PagesThe Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, also known as the SOX Act, is enacted on July 30, 2002 by Congress as a result of some major accounting frauds such as Enron and WorldCom. The main objective of this act is to recover the investors’ trust in the stock market, and to prevent and detect corporate accounting fraud. I will discuss the background of Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and why it became necessary in the first section of this paper. The second section will be the act’s regulations for the management, externalRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act Of 2002 Essay1070 Words   |  5 Pagesof Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. This Act was placed into law to protect the consumer against fraudulent activity by organizations. This paper will provide a brief history of the law and discuss some of the ethical components and social implications on corporations. This research will provide information on how the Sarbanes-Oxley Act affects smaller organizations and how it encourages employees to inform of wrong doings. Brief Synopsis of Sarbanes-Oxley The U.S. Congress passed the Sarbanes-OxleyRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act Of 20022137 Words   |  9 Pagesdishonest act that remained common amongst companies such as Enron, WorldCom, and Tyco was the fabrication of financial statements. These companies were reporting false information on their financial statements so that it would appear that the companies were making profits. However, those companies were actually losing money instead. Because of these companies’ actions, the call to have American businesses to be regulated under new rules served as a very important need. In 2002, Paul Sarbanes from theRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act Of 20021525 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Cheeseman, 2013). Congress ordered the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX Act) to shield customers from the fraudulent exercises of significant partnerships. This paper will give a brief history of the SOX Act, portray how it will shield general society from fraud inside of partne rships, and give a presumption to the viability of the capacity of the demonstration to shield purchasers from future frauds. History of the SOX Act Congress established the Sarbanes-Oxley ActRead MoreSarbanes Oxley Act of 20021322 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 Descriptions of the main aspects of the regulatory environment which will protect the public from fraud within corporations are going to be provided in this paper. A special attention to the Sarbanes – Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) requirement; along with an evaluation of whether Sarbanes-Oxley Act will be effective in avoiding future frauds based on their implemented rules and regulations. The main aspects of the regulatory environment are based on the different laws and regulationsRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act Of 2002 Essay1302 Words   |  6 PagesThe Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 was the result of a number of large financial scandals in the United States in the late 1990s and early 2000s. One of the most well-known corporate accounting scandals was the Enron scandal, which was exposed in 2001. Enron, an energy company that was considered one of the most financially sound corporations in the United States before the scandal, produced false earnings reports to shareholders and kept large debts off the accounting books (Peavler, 2016). Enron executivesRead MoreThe Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 20024779 Words   |  20 PagesThe Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002Introduction2001-2002 was marked by the Arthur Andersen accounting scandal and the collapse of Enron and WorldCom. Corporate reforms were demanded by the government, the investors and the American public to prevent similar fut ure occurrences. Viewed to be largely a result of failed or poor governance, insufficient disclosure practices, and a lack of satisfactory internal controls, in 2002 George W. Bush signed into law the Sarbanes-Oxley Act that became effective on

Pharmacia Upjohn free essay sample

Pharmaceutical industry analyst estimate that it was common for patented prescription drugs to love up to 60% of their volume within six months after their patent expired due to generic competition. However, this situation was typical of prescription drugs and not necessarily prescription drugs converting to a nonprescription status upon expiration of their pattern. In my opinion, the brand awareness that Rogaine has built over the past 8 years coupled with a reduction in price and no need for multiple MD visits would increase sales a great deal. I predict that the competition would have a very small market share, at least initially. * Would the US marketing strategy developed for nonprescription Rogaine prior to the FDA’s recent rulings need to be modified? It would have to be modified slightly, to exclude the word â€Å"only†. I recommend keeping â€Å"Rogaine†, as it’s a strong name to build upon, as well as the concept of â€Å"system of hair care†, integrating Progaine’s name with Rogaine. We will write a custom essay sample on Pharmacia Upjohn or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page References Kerin R. amp; Peterson R. 2011. Strategic Marketing Problems. Cases and Comments. Pearson

Ezekial Essay Example For Students

Ezekial Essay EzekielEzekiels whose name means God will Strengthen or God Strengthens and was the son of Priest Buzi. Not all students and scholars agree that the book is in any degree a single effort of one person, for a considerable number understand it to be a composite from several sources (Harpers Bible Dictionary). Ezekiel and King Jehoiachin and 10,000 other craftsmen, military, and political leaders were taken captive by the King Nebuchandezzar and taken to Babylonia. Ezekiels call as to become prophet in Israel came in 593 BC the 30th year which probably refers to his age, and 30 was also the normal age to become a priest. Ezekiel was a man who chose to obey God. He was a priest, but he basically served as a Jewish street preacher in Babylon for 22 years. He really just went around and tried to tell everyone that they needed to repent and obey God. God communicated to Ezekiel in visions and a vision is a miraculous revelation of Gods truth (Life Application Study Bible). The reason that the visions seem so strange to us is that they are apocalyptic and that means that he saw some symbolic pictures that vividly conveyed an idea and he took it from there (Life Application Study Bible). The first vision that Ezekiel saw was when he was called upon to become a prophet. There was a huge cloud that flashed with lightning and was surrounded by a bright light. There were 4 living beings showed Ezekiel his first vision which was Jerusalems upcoming destruction by God for the punishment of sins. The beings that he saw were cherubim, which are powerful angelic beings created to glorify God, each had 4 faces, one of a human, one of an eagle, one of an ox and another of a lion (Life Application Study Bible). Ezekiel was angry at the attitudes and sins of the people and went into mourning for seven days which was the customary period for mourning the dead, but he was mourning the spiritually dead. Then God told Ezekiel to be the watchman for the city, but he wasnt going to be a watchman for the walls of the city but instead he was to be the spiritual watchman and warning them of the upcoming judgement. God made it to where Ezekiel could only speak when God had a message for him to deliver so that way they knew that everything he said was a message from God. Words/ Pages : 424 / 24