Organizational Strategy and Structure of Unilever Essay -- Business St

Organizational Strategy and Structure of UnileverIntroductionUnilever is one of the largest packaged consumer goods companies specializing in hundreds of different brands. Unilever is based in Holland and the UK and is jointly owned by Unilever N.V and Unilever PLC. Both companies have the same board of directors but operate as a single entity and list there stock separately. In 2000, Unilever restructured their board of directors by electing new faces to the board and seeing other key members retire, like Jan Peelen and Robert Philips. Miles and Snow stated that there are four types of organizational strategies prosecute by companies Defenders, Prospectors, Analyzers and Reactors. Unilever are a company that uses the Prospectors organization type. Prospectors are organizations which almost continually search for market opportunities, and they regularly experiment with potential responses to e unify environmental trends, in particular when Vis was appointed to the Food Executive c ommittee and began to emphasize more on environmental and sustainable development in response to ever-changing trends and demands by consumers giving these consumers greater confidence. (Miles & Snow pp29)In my discussion, the main types of organizational strategies and structures will be listed and how they have impacted on Unilevers improved military operation and growth in recent years.Organizational strategies and structures, and there impact on Unilevers performanceRestructured Approach1. Identifying market opportunitiesA key part of an organizational strategy is to identify market opportunities by finding a niche or a gap in the marketplace that they can pursue to put one across their company ahead of all their competitors. An organiz... ...ification as we move towards our destination IT architecture, and further strengthen our global market presence said Neil Cameron, chief information military officer at Unilever. Unilevers steady underlying improvement in Europe has con tinued, with 2.8% growth in the year. The fourth quarter was particularly strong, at 5.5%, against a weaker comparator. The Americas were up by 4.1% in the year, with Brazil and Mexico improving through the year, while the US grew solidly at 3.2%. Asia Africa has shown consistent, broad-based growth across countries and categories throughout the year, up by 11.1%. This demonstrates that merging with globalised technologically advanced companies such as SAS, and using their expertise, is paying dividends for Unilever. (Unilevers Annual Report, 2007) (Drinks Business Review, Unilever selects SAP as standard for global IT Strategy, whitethorn 2007)

Essay --

Name of the hold back - India Grows at Night by Gurucharan Das I havent get hold of any of the devil Gurucharans previous withstands. Besides, this is the first book I will be reviewing for Developmental economics. The title of the Book only caught my attention for two reasons. First it reminded me of the famous speech by Jawaharlal Nehru At the stroke of the midnight hour, when the world sleeps, India will awake to life and freedom. His speech somewhat depicted the reality as India only started to develop at night. Second, it gave me some sort of insight of what I might come across in this book. Its more of a recital which leads us towards the realness of our country. He begins the first chapter with the example of Haryana and Gurgaon. The unexpected rise of the neglected and underdeveloped Gurgaon in becoming a Millennium City and the rescue of a would-be planned city Faridabad, later even struggling to capture up with Indias first wave of modernization. It was discussed how private players took charge in Gurgaon- which arose without an effective state whilst Faridabad with a proper functioning state, withered. Indian model was discussed which was different than the rest of the world as India got democracy before capitalism. By the abrogate of this chapter, das speaks about the shortcoming of the state and how to move from the private success and public failure in establish to become a successful nation. In the next chapter he talks about the Anna Hazares movement and how a weak government was shaken to its core by a strong society. outride in implementation of projects like POSCO which had been caught in the web of red tape for 5 years. He also mentioned how 168 projects of Coal India had been awaiting clearance which led to powe... .... In the die section he concludes by giving suggestions on what should be done and redefines the definition of a Strong state and mention that a state is infallible to grow - no matter how many inefficienci es it may have, he writes a weak state is better than no state at all. This book is a brilliant piece by Gurucharan Das, which talks about Indias impressive economic rise despite the presence or rather the absence of a state. With its narrative approach it is easy for readers to understand. Das takes you on a journey beyond 1900 and gives a glimpse of our past and present in order to understand the lacunae that India is facing. The part I disliked is he stressed a lot more in explaining the relevance of a strong state. But this book attempts to show us a path which could help the state deal with governance shortfall effectively.Nishant Sharma Radio stream

Shakespeares Presentation of Love in a Midsummer Nights Dream Essay

Shakespeargons Presentation of Love in a Midsummer Nights Dream A midsummer nights dream was originally supposed to have been performed at a wedding. Therefore the theme of savor would have been a suitable theme for the play. In this play, as in many of Shakespeares plays the main theme is love. Shakespeare presents many different aspects of love in the play. He shows how love can affect your vision of human beings and make you behave in irrational ways. He presents many ways in which your behavior is affected by the different types and aspects of love. The main types of love he presents are true love, fake love, unrequited love, young and irrational love and platonic love. Shakespeare tries to show what kinds of trouble, problems and confusion, love can get you into. The different interpretations of love are aimed at showing what being in love could lead to. When you think that you are in love and not really, how easily emotions can be manifold and cha nged. For example, Demetriuss love for Hermia is fake and easily changed in one night to capital of Montana. Hermia and Helena share a platonic love between them but Lysander, turning to benignant Helena by a drop in his eyes, disrupts it. Helena and Hermia fight and feel betrayed by each other because of Lysander talking about loving Helena. Helena thinks that Hermia, Lysander and Demetrius are playing a practical joke on her. Lysander and Hermia share young, but true love. The both act irrationally. When Hermias parents refuse to allow her to not conjoin Demetrius she and Lysander decide to run away together and then get married. Just just a drop in Lysanders eye disrupts their love easily. They are ... ...lay was create verbally for a wedding but was not performed for that purpose. This could be because of the ideas he shows that could have gone wrong and how it could be treasonably even if you think its true. Shakespeare also makes a point of how q uickly situations where you think you are in love, or where here you are good friends, can changes around and prove otherwise. It would for the reasons that he shows how complicated and how false love can be, be an inappropriate theme for the play to be performed at a weeding. He could of upset the couple with his imagery and references to what trouble love can lead to. Shakespeare shows how he feels about love. The play demonstrates his perception of love by using imagery and language. He presents love as being irrational, fulgurous and obsessive. He shows that it can be very misleading.

North Korea Surprise Attack :: essays research papers

In 1949, Congress dragged its feet in considering a $150 million dollar aid flush to southeast Korea. Syngman Rhee had so often talked about invading North Korea that US leaders feared giving him too much in the way of weapons. For this reason, South Korea was direct only rifles, bazookas, and light artillery tanks an airplanes were held back. Also by 1949, most of the US military had moved out. Only 500 advisors, known as KMAG (the Korean legions Advisory Group) remained in South Korea, under the command of Brigadier-General William L. Roberts. In January of 1950, the House defeated the Korean Aid Bill by a single select Korea was scheduled no to get American Aid for the following year, 1950. On June 25, 1950 the North Korean army attacked South Korea, crossing the 38th Parallel. Pentagon officials were stunned, and had no spry contingency plan ready. Some said little could be done, while others suggested it was the beginning of Stalins plot to have over the world. Truman an d his circle of advisers sat firmly in this latter group. Immediately upon the invasion, these advisors discussed the prospect of sending General Douglas MacArthur, the US commander in the Far East, to lead a military response. The North Korean invaders hoped to take Seoul, the South Korean capital, as quickly as possible. The majority of ROK forces were routed by North Korean troops. Only one ROK division, the 6th, held its ground. John Muccio, the American ambassador to South Korea, quickly reported back to Washington that a "probable" full-scale attack was under way. Meanwhile, Syngman Rhee reacted to news of the invasion by ordering the imprisonment of to a greater extent South Koreans. The UN was particularly upset about the North Korean invasion, because it had overseen the elections held in 1948, and did not want to see a war undo that election.

Challenges of Small Businesses :: Essays Papers

Challenges of Small BusinessesGrowth in the small and medium trade in Canada and other developed countries has been very significant. This sector of the business federation now represents about 40 percent of GDP and accounts more than half of total employment. Today small businesses be more diverse and more industrious than ever, but they also faces newer and more challenges or inhibitors to their growth than their older conter parts. This research will attempt to find the answer to the following hypothetical question What are the barrier to entry, inhibitors to growth, and detriments to the health of small business and entrepreneurship today?Access to capital and credit at various stages in the business life cycle is determine as the major hurdle by the entrepreneurs. For many small firms and most start-ups, the personal funds of the business proclaimers and entrepreneur and those of relatives and acquaintances constitute as the major arising of capital. For many small businesses, especially during the early years of their operation, credit is simply not available. For many others, the limited available credit is not through curse loans. Due to this many of them rely on multiple credit card balances and home equity loans as major sources of credit for start-up firm. Because banks are bound by laws and regulations to prudent lending standards that require them a risk management assessment for each loan made. These regulations were made more vigor during the late 1980 and early 1990 . Banks forever and a day found that lending to manufacturing firm with hard asset such as property, equipment, and inventory has always been easier than lending to todays expanding service sector firms. Because the service sector firms own few hard asses, therefor lending judgment have to be based in terms of character, markets, and cashflow, which make it difficult to the bank to meet the regulations for the approving of the loan. Additional, the banki ng industry, as well as the entire financial sector of the economy, is undergoing rapid change. In the future banking industry will be divided into global, national and super-regional banks and a much smaller number of community banks. It is expected of these banks primarily super regional banks and community banks will extend their services to the needs smaller business through large loan processing centers utilizing credit-scoring techniques and intelligent models (artificial intelligence-derived computer-based models) .

Challenges of Small Businesses :: Essays Papers

Challenges of Small BusinessesGrowth in the small and medium job in Canada and other developed countries has been very significant. This sector of the business confederacy now represents about 40 percent of GDP and accounts more than half of total employment. Today small businesses are more diverse and more brisk than ever, but they also faces newer and more challenges or inhibitors to their growth than their older conter parts. This research will attempt to find the answer to the following hypothetical question What are the barrier to entry, inhibitors to growth, and detriments to the health of small business and entrepreneurship today?Access to capital and credit at various stages in the business life cycle is determine as the major hurdle by the entrepreneurs. For many small firms and most start-ups, the personal funds of the business giveers and entrepreneur and those of relatives and acquaintances constitute as the major mention of capital. For many small bus inesses, especially during the early years of their operation, credit is simply not available. For many others, the limited available credit is not through confide loans. Due to this many of them rely on multiple credit card balances and home equity loans as major sources of credit for start-up firm. Because banks are bound by laws and regulations to prudent lending standards that require them a risk management assessment for each loan made. These regulations were made more vigor during the late 1980 and early 1990 . Banks unceasingly found that lending to manufacturing firm with hard asset such as property, equipment, and inventory has always been easier than lending to todays expanding service sector firms. Because the service sector firms own few hard asses, therefor lending judgment have to be based in terms of character, markets, and cashflow, which make it difficult to the bank to meet the regulations for the commendation of the loan. Additional, the banking industry , as well as the entire financial sector of the economy, is undergoing rapid change. In the future banking industry will be divided into global, national and super-regional banks and a much smaller number of community banks. It is expected of these banks primarily super regional banks and community banks will extend their services to the needs smaller business through large loan processing centers utilizing credit-scoring techniques and intelligent models (artificial intelligence-derived computer-based models) .

Cisco Products and Specific Customer Groups

In August of 2001, just months after cisco trunk reported its stolon loss a a usual company ($ 2. 7 billion), John chamber, president and CEO, announced a major restructuring that would commute Cisco from a decentralized transaction organized around client groups to a centralized wholeness focused on technologies. This restructuring not only risked destabilizing the large, complex validation during an economic downturn, just now more importantly, threatened Ciscos faculty to remain customer-focused, a hallmark of the companys culture and success since its first return was created in 1986.In order to maintain communication and stimulate ongoing collaboration among the newly independent functional athletic fields, Cisco introduced coordination mechanisms that enable the companies to remain customer-focused. entering John put up became president and CEO of Cisco Systems in 1995. Over the course of the next s incessantlyal years, the decisions he made and the changes he imp lemented challenged handed-down melody practices, and resulted in incredible growth for the company. When Chambers first started, Cisco was generating y archeozoic r unconstipatedues of $2. 2 billion just six years later, the company was generating annual revenues of $22.3 billion.All of those results, however, were threatened in the 2001 market downturn. Earlier in the year, the explosive growth in the sales of hardware supporting the Internet began to show serious signs of diminish down, and Cisco Systems, like the rest of the applied science industry, was facing the repercussions of the demise of the Internet boom and the first economic downturn in more than a decade. Start-ups, which had enjoyed the benefits of a buoyant stock market, and telecommunications companies began cutting back their everyplaceextended IT and network budgets.As a result of the falling demand, Cisco announced its first loss as a humankind company ($2. 69 billion) in the fiscal quarter ended April 28 , 2001 and cut 18% of its workforce. In August, Chambers announced a major organisational restructuring that would transform Cisco from a decentralized operation focused on specific customer groups to a centralized bingle focused on technologies. duration recognizing that a centralized, functional structure was necessary to avoid crop and resource redundancies, Chambers overly realized that it risked making the company slight customer-focused.At the time of the announcement, Chambers insist that Ciscos customer-centric culture would offset this drawback, but he knew that more needed to be done to find out that an organization as large as Cisco would remain customer-focusedtechnology companies simply could not afford to lose 1 sight of the customer. Chambers knew then that he needed to implement a formal, crossfunctional structure that would keep the company in touch with its customers. Chambers found himself considering an ambitious idea that, if executed, could transform bot h his company and conventional organizational strategy.He take a firm stand that if Cisco implemented a crossfunctional system of executive-level committees, or councils, that fostered a culture of teamwork and collaboration that the company could scale beyond what anyone else thought possible. The benefits were clearthe cross-functional councils would bring the leadership of different functions together to collaborate and focus on the needs and issues of specific customer groups. Cisco could enjoy the benefits of being a functional organization period retaining its customer-centricity. Still, implementing such a system would be difficult.Many other companies had previously failed at facilitating collaboration across functions, especially large organizations such as Cisco. Chambers began inquire himself questions. Would Ciscos employees, many of whom were accustomed to a command-and-control system, accept a more collaborative model? Could they function in such a system, even wit h training? Would a cross-functional system work in such a large functional organization? Furthermore, if Cisco moved forward with this idea, how many councils should be formed? How large should they be? Who would sit on and chair them?Where would the decision making power reside? And finally, how could a system be implemented without creating a matrix organization that would impede decision making and generate conflict? These were all important questions, many of which for Chambers did not yet have answers. They were also questions that would discourage most executives from taking the chance. Still, Chambers infrastood Ciscos employees and knew what they were capable of. He also knew that if they could succeed, the company would become even stronger monetaryly and organizationally.With 2002 approaching, and the organizational restructuring already being implemented now was the time to act. Market Transformation Despite the challenges presented by the 2001 market downturn, Cisco o vercame the sudden drop in product demand. In fact, the company became even stronger after the downturn. By the end of July 2007, Cisco was generating more than $30 billion in revenue and employing 61,535 employees worldwide. Ciscos radical revenue for FY 2007 ($34. 9 billion) was an increase of approximately 23% over FY 2006 revenues of $28. 5 billion.Net Income was $7. 3 billion GAAP and $8.4 billion non- GAAP, while compensation per Share was $1. 17 GAAP (increase of 31% year over year) and $1. 34 non-GAAP (increase of 22% year over year). Part of Ciscos post-downturn resiliency and success was the result of a transformation in its market focus and product offerings. Signs of this transformation were evident shortly before the downturn, when Cisco invested in its first nationwide advertising campaign, including television and print, that asked the question, Are You Ready? with the goal of raising consumer awareness of its networking-equipment business and its plans to connect Internet users with its routers and switches.Because Cisco realized that it could not solely imprecate upon existing demand, the company began diversifying the products it offered and who it was selling those products to. By 2007, Cisco had successfully expand into modernistic technologies such as structured communications, wireless local area networking, property networking, application networking services, network security, storage 2 area networking, and video systems. These advanced technologies resulted in the growth of Ciscos initiative (large business) and service provider segments.For instance, by 2007, more than 8 million unified IP phones had been installed worldwide (Cisco was the market share leader in the enterprise voice marketplace) Ciscos throttle valve 6500, a highperformance modular switch that converges data center, campus, and wide-area network in a single system, surpassed $20 billion in sales and Ciscos enterprise customer installed base recently surpasse d the 3 million wireless access points milestone. 3 Cisco was also able to successfully integrate the aforementioned advanced technologies with its core routing and switching technologies in products such as its Integrated Services Routers.Additionally, Cisco announced in June 2007 that it had shipped 900 of its Carrier Routing System (CRS-1), which provided continuous system operation to telecommunications service providers and research organizations, since its introduction in 2004. Cisco claimed that customers understood the leadership, total cost of ownership, flexibility, and investment protection advantages they would receive when they installed a Cisco product, which was designed to forget customers to easily and cost-effectively add marketleading voice, data, security, wireless, and other capabilities to their existing Cisco networks.This strategy differentiated Cisco from many of its competitors, which are usually present in only one or two product categories or customer se gments, and often do not integrate their products from an architectural perspective. In a conference call discussing Q4 and FY 2007 financial results, Chambers commented on the importance of this balance and integration We believe that there are a number of factors that are unique to Ciscos ability to grow.First is our unique balance across over two dozen product areas, four customer segments, and across major developed and emerging countriesFrom a product perspective, we approach the market with an end-to-end architecture where the products are first loosely then tightly integrated together, rather than focusing on individual routers, switches, security, wireless, storage, unified communications, or other standalone products. In addition to diversifying its product and service offerings, Cisco transformed its market focus by finding new growth opportwholeies in developing economies.Because Chambers knew these opportunities would not get the attention they needed from standard geogr aphic sales coverage, he created a new sales theater called uphill Markets, which included 138 countries around the world, regardless of location. Instead of every theater having several emerging markets in their portfolio viewed as low priorities, all the emerging markets were unified into one theater with the same resources and expectations of the other theaters. While several sales leaders functioned throughout the emerging markets, one sales senior vice president (SVP) was at last responsible for each(prenominal) theater.Members of the appear Markets sales team met with government and business leaders in various countries to discuss how Cisco could help their countries develop a stronger economy through Internet access to education, healthcare, and business opportunities. These and other efforts throughout the theater paid offgrowth for FY 2007 in Ciscos Emerging Markets theater was 40%, the highest growth rate of all five theaters (e. g. North America Europe Asia Pacific Jap an and Emerging Markets).This performance made Chambers even more confident about the value of emerging markets. Our architectural strategy in emerging markets is working extremely well, he said in the conference call. Barring some major economic or political surprises across many of these emerging countries, I would expect this theater to have the probable to grow more than twice the average growth rate of the other four theaters, if we execute effectively. 3 2001 Organizational Restructuring Cisco also transformed and expanded its market focus through acquisitions.Before the downturn (19932000), Cisco was known for its acquisitions it acquired 71 start-up companies that specialized in both its core and advanced areas, with 41 of those acquisitions occurring between 1999 and 2000. While emerging markets and acquisitions were key in helping Cisco survive the downturn, the companys 2001 organizational restructuring played an even more important role. In its early days as a start-up , Cisco Systems was organized as a centralized engineering organization. As the company grew rapidly after going public in 1990, it adopted a business unit structure that was organized around primary product groups.This structure lasted until 1997, when the company reorganized itself around common chord semi-autonomous lines of business, each focusing on a distinct customer type service providers, large enterprises, and small and medium-sized businesses, which Cisco characterizes as the commercial segment. Within this structure, each of the three lines of business developed and marketed its own products to its specific customer groups. This decentralized organization was created to meet the differing requirements of service providers and SMBs, two groups of customers that were growing rapidly at that time.By creating dispel business units, Cisco attempted to meet the needs of each without compromise. However, as the market downturn brought about slowing demand and falling revenues , the negative aspects of the segment-centric sort out became clear. Organized behind lines of business focused on the different segments, redundancies in technological development were certainly not surprisingcoordination across all technologies relevant to a customer group came at the expense of replicating technology development across customer groups.Still, redundancies became more noticeable at Cisco in the acid economic environment faced by the company. Each business unit designed and sold its own products to customers in a particular industry, even though each business line produced some similar, if not interchangeable, products. Moreover, differences between customer segments had begun to blur some enterprise business products suited service provider needs, but the service provider business lacked knowledge of, and access to, them. In some cases, each line of business had a different technology or dissolver for the same problem.By summer 2001, for example, Cisco had eight different teams developing technology to transmit telephone calls over Internet protocol (IP) networks. As one tutor stated, Before, we had a service provider customer, enterprise customer, and SMB customer, and we built a complete product line for that customer set. What that did cause was a great deal of pleonasm of engineering and insane asylumwe had to build the same thing three times over and make things that are 80% the same three times over to satisfy the three requirements. Facing the realities of the market downturn, Cisco made a change.On August 23, 2001, the company announced a major restructuring that, CEO John Chambers enthused, would bring Cisco closer to its customers, encourage teamwork, and eliminate product and resource overlaps. Cisco shifted from a decentralized operation focused on specific customer groups to a centralized one focused on technologies. Engineering was reorganized around eleven technology groups Access, Aggregation, Cisco IOS Technologies, In ternet Switching and Services, Ethernet Access, Network perplexity Services, Core Routing, Optical, Storage, Voice, and Wireless.Although the product groups were divided based on 11 technologies, Cisco retained three sales groups based on customer type. Between the technology and sales groups, a central marketing organization was installed to integrate products and technologies into solutions for the customer. A cross-functional solutions engineering team was charged with bringing the 4 different technologies together in a lab, testing them to ensure integration, and then creating blueprints that the customer would use to implement the solution.Marketing and engineeringpreviously segmented by customer typewere centralized under the chief marketing officer and the chief development officer, respectively. Cisco also expected the new structure to promote more rapid technical innovation by eliminating overlap in R&D. The old structure inhibited the exchange of ideas because engineers w orked in separate silosa solution in one area might have suggested a solution in another, but, claimed one executive, You might not hear about it for six months if you are in another business unit.Implementing the Reorganization While a centralized, functional structure would help Cisco avoid product and resource redundancies, it also carried the risk of making the company less customer-focused because the company was organized around product, and not customer, groups. Whereas before each of the three lines of business developed and marketed its own products to its specific customer groups, each functional unit was now committed to a specific technology, which entailed the risk of dismissing the customer.Despite this risk, however, Cisco moved forward, trusting that its customer-centric approach would offset the effects of a functional structure. Customer protagonism had been imprinted on the company during its founding, when Cisco engineers were building customized products for end users with fairly idiosyncratic needs When we started, we made routers, which were basically software devices, and the sales people would literally go out, talk to the customer, the customer would say I need this protocol, and theyd say, Weve got that.Well get the code to you in a week. They would go back, tell the engineering guys that they had to develop it, and the engineers would do it, said a senior manager. That kind of stuff really sets the culture of the company your job is to figure out what problem you are solving for the customer. And what you do everyday, setting up your activities, your tasks, your programs, your projects, your priorities, is in alignment with that notion of solving the customers problem.The goal was to try and preserve this customer-focused culture that had been engrained in Cisco ever since its founding. However, managers realized even at the time of the 2001 reorganization that maintaining the same level of customer focus would become increasingly difficult as Cisco grew large in size. Because the reorganization threatened to push the company away from the customer and towards a more functional structure, Chambers knew that Cisco could not lose its customer-centricity.When asked in 2007 how Cisco was able to maintain its customer focus through the reorganization, he said, Customer focus has been deeply embedded in our DNA since I came here almost cardinal years ago, and while Im a very collaborative leader, there are certain aspects of our culture, our vision, our strategy, which are non-negotiable, and customer focus is one of them. To ensure that this culture would not change, Cisco responded in various ways during the reorganization.

Inflation and Investment Essay

Inflation Poses Serious Threats to Government is an article by Leigh Thomas create by Agence France Presse. It deals with section three in the couse companion, Macroecnomics. The article details the negative effects of inflation and what has caused it. Foreign Buyers Snap Up Us Real dry land is an article by Stephanie Armour published by USA Today. It deals with section 4, International Trade. It deals with why U.S real solid grounds are urging Foreigners to buy property in the U.S.The article Inflation Poses Serious Threats to Government focuses on the causes of inflation and the factors that lead to it. Good prices have lifted the inflation rates in Europe. European Unioins Eurostat agency said that inflation hit 3.6 percent. Economist Sonil Kapadia s tated that food and oil Prices are the main driers of inflation. Food prices move 21 percent in China. The oil prices have caused a major dilemma by cutting extra consumer cash and affecting the poor countries negatively. Economis ts say tat inflation rest might be on the way in the coming months. In addition, inflation threatens economies in Af rica by encouraging governments to take knee-jerk reactions to cope with stress. Real estate agents urge foreign consumers to by land in the United States.The agents are even willing to pay for the air tickets and hotel bills. Because the dollar hit a newfangled grim against other currencies, the price of home will be cheaper for foreigners a discount of 30 percent. This activity is mainly happening in tourists area with crank weathers such as New York and San Diego. Jacky Teplitzky, a real estate agent, said that sales for foreigners rose from 10 percent to 25 percent in the old year. too, to help attrack foreign buyers, such firms hire foreign speakers in order to translate. Wohlfarth, owner of Wohlfarth & Associates, believes sthat people are diversifiying their investments by buying more land.Inflation cod to the rise in food and oil prices has caused disas trous results in the world, especially in poor countries. Oil is often demanded but there is little supply. So this is a type of demand-pull inflation. To reduce aggregate demand, a government could use deflationary fiscal policy, increasing taxes and lowering government spennding and/or deflationary pecuniary policy, which is rasising interest rates and reducing the m onenessy supply. iF all oil producing cuntries increase the output without using more costs, then prices for oil wouldnt necessarily rise. This is Elasticity of supply. Also Elaasticity of demand may help prevent inflation.If the goods were elastic then buyers will resist the price rises. If there are a lot of substitutes for a definite product, then buyers will simply switch spending away from the more expensive products. So if food prices are increasing, it is advised that consumers switch to another brand, if one exists. It is an advantage for both the U.S and the foreign buyers that buy land now in the U.S. But t his is occuring because the dollars value is sinking. To improve the economy more efficiently, it is best if the dollar rose its value. THe dollars low value may help real estate agents to buy more land but in the mean time, inflation could arise because of the low value of the dollar. IT wiould help if money market investors shift to the dollar for low interest rates.

 Tablets versus Textbooks Essay

One in three adults own a tablet. As tablets are becoming to a greater extent and more common a young debate has formed over whether K-12 school districts should switch from print textbooks to digital textbooks on tablets. The first benefit of digital textbooks is that students will birth new learning at their fingertips. The second benefit is that high level learning prefers tablets. The negative about having a tablet is that many people dont have wi-fi. As you can see, the benefits out-weigh the negatives by far and there really should be no debate.On a tablet e-textbooks can be updated instantly to initiate new editions or information. Schools will not have to always buy new copies, which few exoteric schools buy due to the high prices of textbooks. Most public schools still have history books from when Bush was president. FCC Chairman Julius Genachowski and Secretary of Education Arne Duncan said that, too many students are using books that are 7-10 course of instructions grizzly with outdated material. Subjects are especially beneficiary to subjects that constantly change, such as Science and History.On e-textbooks new editions and new information can be constantly at your fingertips. High-level education officials prefer tablets over textbooks. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan and Federal Communications Commission chair Julius Genachowski said on February 1, 2012 that schools and publishers should switch to digital textbooks within five years to foster interactive education, save money on books, and ensure classrooms in the US use up-to-date content. The federal government, in collaboration with several tech organizations, released aseventy-page guide for schools called the Digital Textbook Playbook, a roadmap for educators to accelerate the transition to digital textbooks. Some say that using tablets is more expensive than using print textbooks. Putting tablets in K-12 schools involves buying the tablet and the textbooks, building new wi-fi st ructures, and training administrators how to use the technology. Costs for e-textbooks on IPad tablets are 552% higher(prenominal) than new print textbooks in an average high school. A prominent education marketing expert Lee Wilson, estimated the annual embody per student per year to be seventy-one dollars and fifty-five cents versus fourteen dollars and twenty-six cents for print textbooks.Although, this is true they are thinking of the now and not keeping in mind the later. estimable now, yes that much money will be spent but in the long haul it will add up to save you money. Just in a year E-textbooks can save schools between two-hundred and fifty dollars and one thousand dollars per student per year. Also, tablet prices are dropping as the years go by, making them even more affordable. Tablets cost on average four-hundred and eighty-nine dollars in 2011, three hundred and eighty-six dollars in 2012, and are projected to cost two hundred and sixty-three dollars in 2015. In the end using tablets is less expensive than using textbooks.As times are changing its important that we roll with the times. Using tablets in school will help supply students with new information all the time and high level education prefers them. Some may have wrong interpretations of them being more expensive than textbooks but as you read, they are not.Clark, Alli. Online Textbooks Friend or Foe? Private Tutoring and examen Prep Educational Connections. Private Tutoring and Test Prep Educational Connections. N.p., 3 Sept. 2013. Web. 07 Oct. 2013. LEAD Commission. Lead Commission, Np., Nd. Web 27, September 2013.Long, Julie. IT Solutions Blog. 9 Benefits Of Classroom Technology Ebooks. N.p., 28 June 2013. Web. 07 Oct. 2013.

Strategic Management report for Breadtalk

IntroductionFounded in July 2000, Breadtalk Ltd started off as a bakery that is based in Singapore and was listed in the Singapore Stock Exchange three eld later in 2003. Breadtalk Ltd aims to endeavor for modernism and creating idiosyncratic flavors to the civic and a dream of being a global brand name. With these goals at hand, Breadtalk Ltd began to initiate a new food tradition that allows it to have a unique aggressive advantage, which has led to the exploitation of the bakery business, to food atrium and restaurant outlets. To date, they have to a greater extent than three hundred bakery outlets across 13 countries and territories, which accommodate franchises and 25 retail bakery outlets in Singapore. In addition, it also has 33 food courts and 8 restaurants which are support by over 5000 staff worldwide (Bamburg, 2006)SWOT ANALYSISThe Swot analysis refers to strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, and will determine the challenges in the external environment whic h the firm has less control and strengths that regard to address by the company.StrengthsBreadtalk is able to have some internal strengths in which are beneficial to the company that entangles Strong Breadtalk. brand name, ability to obtain economies of scale, inviolable human resource, strong R&D team to add innovation to product offerings and strong franchise relationships.WeaknessesBreadtalk faces some minor weaknesses like, over-reliance on the bakery sector, over-reliance on the Singapore region their product offerings are easily imitated, there is limited control of flour since it is obtained from third party sources (Coyle, 2012). In addition, the franchise division requires noble embody involvement, and a constant need for the renewal of the franchise license to be franchising other brands. This is not a long term solution in terms of company expansion.OpportunitiesBreadtalk Ltd oppose its main weaknesses by expanding and merge its market in china, Asian and other Vietn am countries with its low-priced high volume prizes and affordability.Threats Existing starting line related firms and bakery shops will affect the revenue of Breadtalk.PESTEL ANALYSISPestel analysis is an important tool to help Breadtalk Ltd to assist monitor and detect all weak signals to roll in the hay the fractures to shape the environment or discontinuities.Political /Legal factorsPolitical factor constitutes all legal fundamentals like taxation, legislation, deregulation philosophies and labor training (Anthony, 2008). Increasing trade barriers has created an stake and challenge to Breadtalk as it can penetrate the market by emerging companies in political stable countries to explore the new market especially where bread could be luxury, and at the same time Breadtalk will have to challenge all types of sources to source for low cost high quality from world over.Economic factorsThe growth of a financial structure will accrue advantage to industries, but its cause will di ffer according to which factors that are affected the nigh. (Anthony, 2008). Price fluctuations of commodity and raw material and rise in world fuel prices cause the rise of purchasing costs for Breadtalk and the extra cost has to pass over the consumers by increasing the price of their products.Social factorsSocial factors include traditions, lifestyles, values, beliefs, tastes, attitudes and workforce diversity and will greatly influence the consumer spending patterns within the environment or a country. Breadtalk penetrates into the markets of other Asian continent countries, societal factors come into consideration. Indian and Chinese customers have different culture in lifestyle, and have different opinions and needfully on the current products offered.Technological factorsTechnological factors include product innovation, technologies in communication and application of knowledge. The rapid change in technology has allowed new entrants to enter the market at a low cost base. Current processes and equipment with many infrastructural strategies can be utilized by Breadtalk to ensure the cost of labor and manufacture and orders toprocess faster due to globalization and shifts in technical factors.Environment factorsAt Breadtalk, they know that they need to blend into any type of environment in order to be successful. They make use of resources that the environment can provide, and delivered the want goods in return. Sometime the environment may pose a threat in which may challenge Breadtalk or may also create tonic opportunities.PORTER 5 ANALYSISPorter five forces analysis was used to study the long run projections for survey. .Since it generates 45% of its revenue from the bakery industry and 49% from Singapore, heavy reliance on a single division is dangerous because the risk is heavily contained in a single segment. On the other hand, in the current time, Breadtalk tries to expand this by increasing profitability in the industry of baking.Intensity o f rivalry among competitors (High)The bakery business in general is driven by cut-throat competition from companies producing similar products. Breadtalk has undeviating competitors ranging from orotund bakery contract brands to retail bakery outlets. These competitors offer analogous products but at a highly competitive prices. Moreover, prices offered by individual bakery outlets turn up at neighborhoods are usually much lower than larger chains of bakeries (Cassiman and Colombo, 2004).Threat of new entrants (High)Low entry barriers resulted in a high threat of new entrants in business a large segment still retails similar products and is able to emulate each others products quickly.Threat of substitutes (High)Products substitutes are usually a hazard in the bakery industry as their prices can be reasonably go down, and customers face low switch of expenditure for gaining utility of the same needs and wants. Substitutes like munchies and junk food can be an imminent threat. Subs titutes may range from snack joints in the territory of the business.Suppliers (Low)Suppliers normally have low negotiate power in the industry as there are a number of them still in existence. The suppliers are not able to blotch up their goods radically as most of the customers more often than not, acquire in big quantities. Furthermore, due to the fact that unprocessed resources like flour and wheat take overt vary largely in excellence and in capacity, across suppliers, this advances barriers supplying bargaining power of the suppliers.Customers (High)Customers are at liberty to enjoy huge bargaining power, as they suffer low switching costs in the bakery industry, and in addition, the demand for food is highly price elastic, which means that most of the consumers will be price sensitive to any price adjustments and they wouldnt be hesitant to vary their tastes and preferences accordingly.INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT ANALYSISResourcesThis analysis seeks to review and summarize Breadt alks tangible and intangible resources at the end of the 2012 financial year (Halibozek, 2005).Tangible resources (assets) Breadtalks tangible resources (fixed assets) are land, buildings and equipment. The currents assets are current assets and inventories (raw-materials, semi-finished goods, consumables and base inventories (dining utensils and cutlery).Intangible resources (assets)Breadtalks intangible resources are trademarks, copyrights, and brand.Breadtalk Ltd capabilitiesBreadtalks future aspiration plan by 2015, is to double its revenue to $1billion and expand its outlets to 2000 by the year 2017. The targeted expansion market areas include U.S, Thailand, Japan, Korea, Singapore, India, Cambodia and Vietnam. The company is capable and has the potential because its brand name is recognized worldwide. In order to increase production, the company has pumped $10 million in automation and computerization. Breadtalk also built a ten storey building designed like a pastry structur e and a central kitchen in its chieftain quarters which has aresearch lab and training colleges.CONCLUSIONStrategic management and organization, is a prerequisite to every firm or company, and its a collective function of every employee from management to subordinate to play an active role in ensuring that the annual targets are met, this is important in determining the progress of organization on the basis of upward and downward trend in total revenue annually. Every organization uses strategic management concepts and method to enjoy elevated levels of performance.RECOMMENDATIONThe recommendations do by Breadtalk will be used as a tool for coping with the addressed challenges in the process of diversification plan. The company should implement a slower diversification strategy in order to have a good understanding of the customers and competitors strengths and weaknesses. By doing so, Breadtalk will be able to tackle the changes more effectively and precisely. Breadtalk can also espouse a branding strategy which will be globalize to ensure reliability and manage the complexities of different consumer tastes and preferences in different markets globally.

Action Plan of the cooperative food Essay

What do they do about their plan.The plan willing take according to year ahead. That means when whatever employee join in the organization they will be sitting with the manager they have to make a plan about their tar sterilises. Target means what is their imagery and objectives. When they set their plan they would be planning on that.After that they do. Do refers what r u going to do and how be u going to do? So its like whatever their vision and objective. Accordingly their employee they have to do their work and they done their vision and objective. Next they will be reviwed that means where are they and what trac are they? And are they satisfying their guest or customers giving feedback. Those things are rivewed. And later it will be evaluated. On evaluation overall performance will be evaluated. According to how they have treat customers support and customers satisfaction. Every company has some strengths and weekness. Cooperative has also some proble. In Amstrong theory we find that company decoct on their mission,vision and objective. In cooperative they have vision and objective but they dont have mission. They calculate vision is a mission. Because they dont know what is their mission? They have something lacking.They dont care of their employee they always concern about their company that means customers. If we consider Blake Mouton Theory we will find that manager never follow middle of the road management. Manager follow impoverished management. In this particular theory company gives more get on production not on the employee. Amstrong lack to manageing people but cooperative follow their own style,because their thing is customer is more important than employee. They want to be best cooperative store in the uk. Thats what they want to expand their company. They concernless about their employee. For example. If any employee are going to out of the org they wont place him or they wont recognized him. If any employee claim that,I stayed here three years,but I did not get any promossion or I did not get anything. They will said ok,if u r not happy u can go out. They never consider about their employees hardwork only they consider how employees cooperative with customer. And what are the feedback from the customer and the productivity.They always want to finish their work just on time. They always gives emphasis on service and availability so that customer offer and great service is delivered.

Federal Health Care Essay

Federal health care is one of the biggest social and scotch problems Americans face today. Due to the rising cost of medical care and health insurance, many Americans are either uninsurable or do not check adequate insurance coverage. The Patient Protection and Affordable awe Act (PPACA), commonly known as Obama Care, is part of a decade-long effort to reform the nations health care system and ensure that more Americans have adequate and affordable health care coverage (Salem fight down Encyclopedia, 2013). This essay will briefly explain the elements of Obama Care, the pros and cons of the policy, and how the policy raises issues of federalism. President Barack Obama made health care reform the foundation of his agenda during his first year as president. According to Salem Press Encyclopedia (2013), he charged the Democratic Congress with crafting a comprehensive bill that would provide coverage to all Americans, lower health care costs, and correct the theatrical role o f health care of the entire country. Even though the Democratic majority embraced the idea, they had considerable difficulty in embracing a single encase that satisfied liberals, moderates, and conservative Democrats alike (Salem Press Encyclopedia, 2013).However, Republicans and a growing number of independent votes immediately pushed for an appeal of the law. In light of the major controversy that border the reform, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act had been significantly modified, removing sticky points underscored by moderates and conservatives, to make it palatable to enough moderate and conservative Democrats to gain transit (Salem Press Encyclopedia, 2013). The Ninth Amendment states that the enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people (Huffman, 2012). However, the federal presidency and the states view the Obama Care policy has a struggle for power when their central concern sh ould be with establishing the division of powers best suited to preserve liberty. According to Huffman (2012), Obamacares transparent impositions on liberty were given scant attention in the oral arguments over the laws completeity, notwithstanding the fact that the reason the health care law has been consistently opposed by a majority of voters is their objection to the individual mandate. President Barack Obama signed into law the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act on March 23, 2010.Its goal is togive more Americans access to affordable, quality insurance and to reduce the growth in health care disbursal in the United States through consumer protections, regulations, subsidies, taxes, insurance exchanges, and other reforms (ObamaCareFacts, 2014). According to ObamaCareFacts (2014), ObamaCare offers a number of novel benefits, rights and protections including provisions that let young adults stay on their see until 26, stop insurance companies from dropping you when you are sick or if you make an honest mistake on your application, prevent against gender discrimination, stop insurance companies from do unjustified rate hikes, do away with lifetime and annual limits, give you the right to a rapid appeal of insurance company decisions, expand coverage to tens of million, subsidize health insurance costs, require all insurers to cover people with pre-existing conditions, among other things.Obama Care, or PPACA, has been designed to help Americans medically and financially when it comes to health insurance.There are many pros and cons related to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, or commonly known as Obama Care. Some pros of PPACA include tens of millions of uninsurable will get access to affordable quality health insurance through the marketplace, helps to curb the growth in healthcare spending, over half of uninsured Americans can get free or low cost health insurance, and even small businesses can get tax credits for up to 50% of the ir employees health insurance premium costs (ObamaCareFacts, 2014). Some cons of PPACA include in order to get the money to help insure tens of millions there are new taxes which mostly affect high-earners, focuses more on making sure people are covered than it does on addressing the cost of care, mandates that you have to obtain health coverage by January 2014, get an exception or pay a fee if you cannot afford it, and even mandates that in 2015 businesses with over the equivalent of 50 full-time employees must(prenominal) provide health coverage (ObamaCareFacts, 2014).The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act has been fairly effectual in achieving its goals of give more Americans access to affordable, quality insurance and to reduce the growth in health care spending in the United States through consumer protections, regulations, subsidies, taxes, insurance exchanges, and other reforms (ObamaCareFacts, 2014). According toDictionary.com, LLC (2014), effectiveness government agency adequate to accomplish a purpose producing the intended or expected result. Even though there are many pros and cons to the policy, they have been fairly effective to ensure all Americans receive affordable, quality health insurance and coverage. American federalisms constitutional framework is based off of national and state governments share the authority that is derived from the people (Levin-Waldman, 2012).The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is successful based off of the cooperation of local, state, and national authority. PPACA is consistent with American federalisms constitutional framework because all stages of government, as headspring as people, are working together to ensure all Americans are taken care of medically, as well as financially, when it comes to health care and insurance. Furthermore, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is part of a decades-long effort to reform the nations health care system and ensure that more Americans have adequate and affordable health care coverage (Salem Press Encyclopedia, 2013). It has many pros and cons, but has been effective and demonstrates American federalisms constitutional framework because it includes all stages of government, as well as ensures all Americans receive affordable, quality health insurance and coverage.ReferencesDictionary.com, LLC. (2014). Effectiveness. Retrieved from http//dictionary.referance.com/browse/effectivenessHuffman, J. (2012). Obamacare vs. Federalism. Retrieved from www.hoover.org/publications/defining-ideas/ expression/119436Levin-Waldman, O. M. (2012). American government. San Diego, CA Bridgepoint Education, Inc.ObamaCareFacts. (2014). ObamaCare Facts Facts on the Affordable Care Act. Retrieved from obamacarefacts.com/obamacare-facts.phpObamaCareFacts. (2014). ObamaCare Pros and Cons of ObamaCare. Retrieved from obamacarefacts.com/obamacare-pros-and-cons.phpSalem Press Encyclopedia. (2013). Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Overview . Retrieved from http//eds.a.ebscohost.com.proxy-library.ashford.edu/eds/detail?sid=2b1be3dd-154d-43ab-84e9-aeeaa71be0c7%40sessionmgr4004&vid=5&hid=4205&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmU%3ddb=ers%AN=89158281

Plato and Stephen Hawking Essay

1. If slightly parties lead to trouble and trouble should be avoided, then near parties should be avoided.(m) Trouble (p) should be avoided(s) Some parties (m) lead to trouble(s) Some parties (p) should be avoided2. Physicists are the only scientists who theorize about the nature of quantify and Stephen hawking certainly does that. Therefore, Stephen Hawking essential be a physicist. (p) Physicists are the only scientists who (m) theorize about the nature of time (s) Stephen Hawking (m) theorizes about the nature of time(s) Stephen Hawking (p) should be a physicist3. Obviously J.R. is married, hes wearing a ring.(m) Men that wear rings (p) are married(s) J.R. (m) is wearing a ring(s) J.R. (p) is married4. If race should be paid comparative salaries for comparable work, then since women are people, its obvious that women should earn the same salary as men. People should be paid comparative salaries for comparable work Women are peopleWomen should earn the same salary as men.5. E verything must welcome a cause, then God must have a cause. After all God is something.Everything must have a causeGod is somethingGod must have a cause6. Scientists today claim that the Peruvian Andes, a long mountain chain running the length of the Pacific plate of entropy America, are caused by subduction of the earths crust. Subduction is caused when two continents collide resulting in rock formation. El Mirador, one of the most famous peaks, is a mountain in that chain. It contains elements found in all molten rock such as basalt and lava. Scientist are convinced that El Mirador is a product of the subduction process.7. In their never-ending chase to seek more efficient killing methods, scientists and engineers in the U.S. Armys research and development division have produced a juvenile biological agent. From antecedent studies the bio-technicians have seen that all biological agents capable of destroying the central nervous system are more cost-effective than explosive de vices such as bullets or bombs. The new agent entitled The Patriot Bug effectively neutralizes the central impulse to the brain, killing a human being in just two transactions and it does this cheaply. The army exit seek approval to deploy this agent at next months Pentagon meeting.8. The California Supreme Court severely expressage the rights of overweight-people to sue for job variety, ruling yesterday against a 305 pound woman who claimed she was denied a job in a health food store because of her size. By a 7-0 vote the court held that job applicants turned away because of weight cannot sue unless there is evidence of a physiological systemic basis for their condition. A persons girth alone is not enough to qualify as a physical handicap protected by state discrimination laws, the justices ruled. The court didnt specify what medical evidence is required but one employment lawyer speculated that a person overweight because of diabetes could sue. The ruling was a defeat for Toni Cassista, a five foot for woman who claimed she was illegally denied a job at a Santa Cruz health food store because of her weight.9. This is from a Platonic Dialogue called the CritoSocrates Again Crito, can we do evil?Crito Surely not, Socrates.Socrates And what of doing evil in return for evil, which is the morality of the many, (society) is that just or not. Crito Not just.Socrates For doing distress is the same as injuring him?Crito Very true.Socrates Then we ought not to retaliate or render evil for evil to any one, whatever evil may have suffered from him10. All Peace army corps volunteers are people who have witnessed poverty and nakedness and all people insensitive to human need are people who have never witnessed poverty and desolation. Thus, all Peace Corps volunteers are people sensitive to human need. People who have never witnessed poverty and desolation are insensitive to human needs All Peace Corps volunteers are people who have witnessed poverty and desolation A ll Peace Corps volunteers are people sensitive to human needs11. Some unintentional killings are not punishable offenses inasmuch as all cases of self-defense are un-punishable offenses and some intentional killings are cases of self-defense. All cases of self-defense are un-punishable offensesSome intentional killings are cases of self-defenseSome unintentional killings are not punishable12. The US surgeon General latest report on cigarettes and cancer is an interesting example of natural selection in the late 20th century. The intelligent members of our species will quit smoking and survive. The dummies will continue to puff away.13. Policies to limit alcohol abuse in the military are the best preventative to alcohol abuse. If the exculpation Department is so intent of fighting alcohol abuse why does it make alcohol so readily available? Alcohol is tax tolerant at post liquor stores and enlisted and officers clubs make drinking almost a mandatory facet of military life.14. Toy c orporations which promote the purchase of shirk guns riposte children a clear message that the best way to deal with foiling and conflict is with a gun. Yes, toy corporations spend millions on developing new toy weapons every year. What message are we sending our youth? The purchase of toy guns give children a clear message that the best way to deal with frustration and conflict is with a gun. Toy corporations spend millions on developing new toy weapons every year. Toy corporations which promote the purchase of toy guns give children a clear message that the best way to deal with frustration and conflict is with a gun.

Music of the World Essay

1.What is popular medicine? Popular euphony is any medical specialty since industrialization in the mid-1800s that is in line with the tastes and preferences of the middle class.2.What theme does pop music typically use in the lyrics? Describe one pop song that uses this theme. Why is this theme much(prenominal) a popular one? One theme of pop music typically used in the lyrics is dancing or movements. Almost all pop music has to do with love or dancing. have got the song Sway With Me by Michael Buble for an example. The theme is dancing.3.What is disco? What are the characteristics of this music? Disco was one of the umpteen musical genres developed in the 1970s. It mixes soaring vocals with a beat that encourages dancing, disco became the dance music of the decade. The music often had 100 to 130 beats per minute and a pulse of the rhythm was often emphasized.4.What was the British invasion? Which famous group was a part of this movement? What impact did the group have on pop music? The British invasion was the connection of the British music culture and the American music culture. The Beatles was a famous group who was part of the movement. Their music had catchy lyrics and melodies which would be the centerpiece of pop music for the next several decades.5.What is a boy forget me drug? What are some characteristics of a boy band? A boy band is a band that consists of between three and six young giving boys who used no instruments and just sang. Their image was one of the most important elements of the group, maybe even more(prenominal) then the music itself. All aspects of the music were carefully controlled from their dress to even the stereotypes that the group members fit into such(prenominal) as bad boy and the baby.

Greek Nationalism

Within the eighteenth and early 19th century, Greece experienced highly heinous ordeals when it was under hassock subjugation, and it aspired to redeem their previously set up terms of democracy and overall elaboration however, these ordeals for the classicals were so influential that they ultimately altered their culture and customary customs. These changes affected Greece in vast, multifarious ways still they can primarily be kinspersonified by Greeces stinting, social, and political aspects.Economically, Greece experienced, under blow rule, poverty and were hardly able to provide for themselves nonetheless carry on themselves from fag rule with substantial weaponry and armor, they also dumbfoundd a transfiguration in non striving to possess lands and riches as in precedent instances but to possess and utilize income as a means of ensuring liberation, and they experienced a great efficient and thus cultural diversity amongst themselves with extensive, seeming attitud es and economical intentions within Grecian society between the more(prenominal) opulent and poorer individuals.Socially, the general sentiment of Greece was deteriorated by its transfiguration into a more sober nation in Europe and the precedent quivering of Greece, forrader queen domination, was altered and substituted with Turkish gloom with apathy glowed towards classical arts, passions, and sciences, and their only manner of which they managed to free themselves was by working together with other nations and forming a resistance, which they did also, Greeks were genuinely compatible with other nations and they were able to become cargond for by other nations and were able to receive assistance from them during the Greek Revolution in result.Politically, Greeces government transfigured with the Ottomans political customs and their authorities were poorly implemented, and even formal approbation had to be make in effect for officials to enact on malpractices such as r obberies and rebellions subsequently, this caused revolutions in Greece in invest to pull in retaliation on the Ottomans for killing their leader of the Greek Orthodox church, which was apart of their religious, or sultans, government, and ultimately, they sub cod the Ottomans jurisdiction in Greece and, as they aspired, established their own government as swell up with beneficial leaders.Indeed, thither are some puzzling factors and results of the Greek Revolution, but they can become vividly perceived with the synopsizes and recounted instances given by individuals who in which were living at these times expressed by there works and archived data. in that location were many inauspicious economical aspects of Greece during the 19th century that contributed to its anarchy, yet also enabled the people with an incentive of change.The economical stature of Greece had its people predominately classified among the rich who were respectful to their Turkish masters and the poor, who comprised much of the Greeks, were not to a fault fond of the Ottomans, and this, as conceivable, caused contention amongst these major(ip) classes in Greece as well as the Ottomans James Dallaway, a chaplain to an slope community in Constantinople, sent a missive that comprised these ideas and aspects of Greeces economical aspects and anarchy.He conveyed a vital component in his missive by saying, The richer Greeks are very devious and intriguing, and with very limited elision only less ignorant than their Turkish masters. The lower ranks are the merriest creatures imaginable, but are untrustworthy, and awake to all advantage. His purpose in devising this missive was nearly likely to express his great concern for the awe-inspiring economical status of Greece and to imply the ultimate effect of how sovereign acting country and an extensive diversity between a rich and middleclass can impact a practical nation (Doc. ). Subsequently, other economical issue lied primarily wi th how Greece would be able to request accommodations from other countries to receive license from the Ottomans with assurance of the other countries moral incentives, such as Russia that in which aspired to assist Greece in order to receive financial compensation from Greece to a broad extent of possessing Greeces lands.Percy Shelley, an English poet, provided this evidence with his poem entitled Hellas that says in its preface, Russia desires to possess, not to liberate, Greece and the wise and generous policy of England would consist in establishing the independence of Greece, and in maintaining it against both Russia and the Turks. He wrote this poem with an intention of, perchance, expressing admonition during this revolution for the Greeks (Doc. 7).As a another, supported economical ordeal, A. Regnier devised an engraving entitled Greece Sacrificed that in which comprised a display of Ottomans attacking Greeks, which seem to be of a poorer class in however, as mentioned ant ecedently, most people in Greece were impoverished during this revolution. These Greek individuals seemed defenseless and, as do apparent, did not possess any weaponry as the Ottoman Turks confronted them this engraving was most likely devised by A.Regnier with a purpose of conveying Greeces economical strife during this Greek Revolution, and it also expressed how Greeces religious integrity remained in tact as the soon to be succumbed Greeks await their deaths from the Ottomans (Doc. 11). Like the many obstinate economical aspects in Greece, there were also manifolds of unfavorable social facets in Greece as well while under Ottoman subjugation.The precedent vibe of Greece, before Ottoman subjugation, was one of jubilancy and nationalism or nationalism in Greek contrivances and culture however, this sentiment altered as they were undermined by the Turks. Sneyd Davis, an English writer, composed a poem entitled To His Friend and Neighbor Dr. Thomas Taylor that coveys an articulat e way of describing the solemn effects that were wrought in result of the Ottoman jurisdiction in Greece.He conveyed an exceptional perspective of these adverse effects even in the most popular location in Greece, Athens, by saying his poem, Go, search for Athens her deserted ports, Entera noiseless, solitary shore, Where commerce once crowded the Athenian strand. stick to her dark streets, her maligned shrines and wonder, where her glories shined. Where are her orators, her sages, now? Shattered her moldering arches, her towers in dust, but far less ruind, than her soul decayed. Sneyd Davis ensured to incorporate the correlations between Greece when it was experiencing its utmost prosperity in its ancient times to its most pitied autumn during Ottoman domination, which he did so to supplement imagery to hopefully elicit a realization in individuals that Greece was in desperate need of assistance of becoming liberated from the Turks although, Greece would not be liberated for ano ther 100 years from the publication of this poem, the ideas of freeing Greece grew early in the hearts of individuals from other nations, especially, as make apparent, Great Britain and, soon later, France. Doc. 1). As antecedently mentioned, Greeces culture was altered monumentally by Turkish domination, but the primary manners of how it was affected are not specifically by how its economy or how its vibe of jubilancy was effected but also incorporating its arts and artistic passions, its build on philosophies and sciences, and how the subjugation foreclose the entire progress of the Greeks.Claude Etienne Savary, a French scholar of Greek and Arabic, wrote a missive, like James Dallaway, and draw his loath for the deterioration of Greek culture by saying, Let me not be accused of movie the Turks in darker colors than they deserve, but I have traveled done their empire and have seen the injuries of every(prenominal) kind which they have done to the sciences, the arts, and the h uman race. At the sight of these melancholy spectacles my heart groans, my declension boils in my veins and I would wish to excite all Europe to combine against these Turks who have crushed the Greek nation. Claude Etienne Savary reflected this deep resentment towards the Ottoman Turks most likely because of their intrusion between Savary and his acuteness directed towards Greek culture this obstruction of Greek progression in Greeces magnificent talented unity of culture and artistic passion even enraged those of distinct cultures with aspirations of reprimanding the Turks and helping ignite a revolution in Greece (Doc. 3).According to opinions from other nations, Greece was a very compatible and respected nation because of their sympathy directed to other nations, and they were invariably recognized for persisting with their religious integrity throughout very challenging trials such as through Ottoman domination. Alexandros Kalpholougo, a popular poet concerned with Greek cult ure, composed an untitled poem that reflected Greeces avidity with other nations he said through his poem, Greeks love every foreigner, they love a German for his party and an enlightened Frenchman, an impious libertine.In conversation not a word about the commandments of God.? The young, the educated, do not go to church service, for they have got French enlightenment.? They say, We have books and French romances, all the other books are so melancholy (Doc. 4). As the years grew closer to the initiation of the Greek Revolution in 1821, exhortations were made by more and more Greeks to commence a revolution and as these expressions augmented and stressed the things that they were unjustly being pressed against by the Ottoman Turks, their aspirations of rebellion increased as well.Greek exiles, which had experienced the ordeals made by the Ottoman Turks, encouraged their Greek comrades to fight and rebel against the Ottomans they encourage their belligerent desires by saying, O Gr eeks, learn forever that the weapons of justice are unconquerable, and that the Ottomans will flee from the armed Greeks.Remember, finally, that the beginning of victory is resistance, and that the Greeks are neither savage nor of worthless spirit, as are their enemies. Freedom has approached her ancient home. (Doc. 6). Greeces political statuses were also altered by the Ottomans self-righteous desires of subjugation in multifarious ways.With the Ottomans established governmental regime, enforcement for robbers and what may be considered as righteous criminals were not regulated properly, and if a lamentable occurrence was to transpire, then there principally was a need for the head sultan over the Turks to initiate a means of retaliation rather than having leaders that were designated to make decisions perhaps even allowing Greeks to participate in decision making this can reflect an improper distribution of power, poor governmental/ enforcement systems, and magisterial sovere ignty with not allowing Greeks to contribute to conclusions made by government.Mustapha III, the Turkish sultan during 1765, ordered his chosen governor in northern Greece to repress rebellions made by Greeks and said, With the arrival of my imperial decree be it known that robbers continually incite the district of Larissa to rebellion. Impose order and report on the measures taken. Mustapha III must have enacted on this order to his governor as a matter of ensuring that his jurisdictions remained stable however, based on the apparent previous assureation given, the logic behind the Greeks rebellions was because of the misuse made because of him, so, therefore, there is an ignorant contention with Mustapha III who needed to refrain from being greatly imposing with the Greeks and should have respected Greek nationalism (Doc. 2).Throughout Greeces strife through the difficult times of Ottoman sovereignty, Greece depended on the good political/ religious guidance by their leader in the Greek Orthodox Church however, during the commencement of the Greeks enragement. Edward Blaquiere, an organizer and fundraiser for the London Greek Committee, wrote in his composition entitled the Greek Revolution, create in 1824, and said, emphasizing these matters, The fortress of Navarino, which surrendered soon after the uprising began in 1821, was the scene of another tragedy, to which only wars between slaves and their masters ever give rise.During the siege, news of the murder of the head of the Greek Orthodox Church by the sultans government spread throughout Greece. Edward Blaquieres purpose in typography this work of his, regarding that he is a fundraiser for the London Greek Committee, was most likely to not only inform people of these inauspicious occurrences but to also elicit subsidization and assistance for the Greeks during the Greek Revolution. (Doc. 8).Although Greece had lost their reliable leader that was head over the Greek Orthodox Church, another leade r, Alexander Mavrocordato the writer of Declaration to the Christian Powers, assisted in the Greek Revolution and helped produce the Greek revolutionary government this regime, with the assistance of other nations, enabled Greece to proclaim its independence and established a stable government free from Turkish rule simply (Doc. 10).As it is apparent, the Greeks had to endeavor through many trials during 18th and early 19th century while they were under Ottoman subjugation these ordeals mainly affected Greece in practically every manner possible its economical, social, and political aspects. Economically, most Greeks were impoverished, there was economical distrust towards other nations in alliances with Greece, and there was a vast aperture between the major poor and minor rich classes in Greece that caused conflict among them.Socially, Greece became more of a solemn nation, there was degrading found within former Greek passions such as artistic productions philosophies and scienc es, and Greeks were luckily able to receive accommodations by other nations in result of their great compatibility.Politically, the Ottomans enforced their own governmental regime that was very unstable and irresolute, they murdered the head leader of the Greek Orthodox Church, and, at least luckily for the Greeks, they deliver the goods a new leader for their revolution who in which assisted among with the accommodations of other nations in order to restitute stability in Greece and was contrived successfully.The Greeks may have had an interval of where they were unable to progress with their cultural achievements due Ottoman subjugation in Greece however, due to the Greeks persistence of revolutions and with the accommodations made by other nations, the Turkish sovereignty was not prolonged and Greece was able to recover its splendid, wholesome culture.

Police Ethics Essay

All professions operate within a certain across-the-board framework of code of ethics. These be rules that govern the conduct of a particular group of professionals, the conduct amongst themselves and close importantly with the rest of the society. Some of these codes of ethics may be jur on the wholey en pressable and their violation may lead to criminal proceedings instituted against the violator. Contravening of the code of ethics may also lead to an individuals name being struck off the professionals list like in the case of auditors, engineers and accountants amongst others. The police force has its throw distinct code of ethics both implied and express. It is these ethics that regulate the conduct of all police force enforcement officers in their day to day running of their duties. These ethics may be unique to one situate or universal as they argon a product of social and political environment. The fall in Nations has its own framework of ethics within which the poli ce or rectitude enforcement officers are supposed to operate. These are ethics that cod been fine tuned and can be universally applied (United Nations, 1989). Police is a broad circumstance use to de none all officers mandated to enforce the law, officers that can mould arrests as well as stay put a suspect. It is agreeable that police officers are charged with the delicate duty of maintaining law and order. In the programme of maintaining such(prenominal) order, they are enclose to come across various challenges and impediments that may make them compromise their legal duties. Police exist in an environment filled with suspicion and hostility and with the powers they possess they are belike to intimidate the rest of the citizens. They also have discretionary powers as it is not possible to spell kayoed and dictate in the law how a certain issue is to be handled. They are pass judgment to make split decision over who is innocent and who needs to be questioned (Hirst, M.J., 1990). To carry out these duties, they are governed by professional ethics that guide them when carrying out their duties. In the process of carrying out these duties, police officers are expected to uphold and protect the human rights of the civilians and suspects. This is in conformity to both the national and international law. Their duty is to apology the interests of the public and assist public officials in the execution of their duties. These duties and responsibilities should be carried out in simple eye with the put procedures. Objectivity and fairness are two key ideals that should be upheld and individual(prenominal) interests should not conflict the might in carrying out of such responsibilities. Key to police ethics is the issue of discrimination. Police officers and other law enforcement officers are expected to carry out their duties indiscriminately. They are guided by the law and it should not be applied selectively. Gender, race, social and political status, creed or ethnic background should not be used as a basis to accord somebody harsh or preferential treatment. Almost all professions are expected to uphold confidentiality in their interactions with the public.Police officers too are not expected to snitch private details not unless it has been established that publicizing such details will help in the line of duty, for example in apprehending a suspect. The procedures and operations of the police officers should remain within the forces precincts as the pocket of such information can lead to jeopardizing of important missions. Every police officer is hence bound to confidentiality. No data regarding the police should be released to another party without proper authorization (Miller, S. et al, 1997.) Police officers are expected to use reasonable force in carrying out their duties. This however does not extend to beady-eyed damage to property, unwarranted harassment of the pubic and any other measures that are not within the preci ncts of what is needful in the line of duty. The force applied should not go beyond what is necessary and reasonable in carrying out such kind of an activity. The police ethics are against the subjection of suspected criminals to brutality that is right(prenominal) the stipulations of the law. Hierarchy in the police force is legally and ethically emphasized. Orders and commands in the force always usurp downward route. As long as the orders given are lawful and do not contradict the ethics, an officer is under obligation carry them out. The superiors on the other hand are expected to have full responsibility of the actions of their juniors in regard to the instruction that they have issued. Codes of ethics also do not allow police officers to accept gifts that are attached to their work, in case of such an offer they are expected to notify their superiors. It is also against police ethics for officers to carry out investigations into issues that they have in- someone connectio ns with unless such involvement is not likely to have a bearing on the investigations. Objectivity is to be upheld at all times. As far as suspects are concerned, police ethics require the officers to treat suspects humanely in the knowledge that they are innocent until proven guilty. There should also be enough curtilage to necessitate the arrests of such suspects (Bracey, D.H, 1992). Like in any other profession, personal feelings and prejudices are bound to doctor into the way of efficiency and professionalism. Law enforcement officers sometimes find themselves in ethical dilemmas. There are quartet classifications of dilemmas among these discretion and loyalty are the most common. Police are allowed discretionary authority in their line of duty. These are powers to choose the most appropriate decision to make in a specific case. This is where personal intuition comes at play and in many cases lead to selective application of the law. A officeholder is supposed to chose who t o charge with a certain crime and who to leave. In making such a decision, personal preferences and prejudices may impede on the process of making of the right judgment as required by law. This is a very common dilemma (Blalock, J., 1992.). Blacks and Hispanic community have been complaining of harassment by the police. The crime rates in the United States are that these two communities have a high prevalence rate in crime, with such a notion in the back of a policeman capitulum an officer is bound to have a clouded judgment in his view of any person from these communities. With his or her discretionary authority, a police officer is more likely to arrest a corrosive in the midst of tweeds in case of a fracas more than he would to a white who is amongst blacks. Personal interests are also likely to stand in the way of executing proper judgments. This is perplex by the temptation to take bribes. It is against police ethics and also against the law for police officers to solicit or accept a bribe.ReferencesHirst, M.J., 1990. Setting the Standards for Policing Meeting lodgeExpectations, London, Association of Chief Police Officers.United Nations, 1989. United Nations Code of Conduct for Law EnforcementOfficials, New YorkMiller, Seumas, Blackler, John, & Alexandra, Andrew, 1997. Police Ethics, Sydney Allen & Unwin..Blalock, J., 1992. Mismanagement and Corruption. Police Studies 15(4).Bracey, D.H, 1992. Police Corruption and Community Relations Community Policing. Police Studies 15(4).

Personality psychology Essay

Major Constructs in Jungs possibility Libido (the psyches source of energy)Persona (the masks we wear in life)Personal Unconscious (much like Freuds notion of the unconscious)Collective Unconscious (the inherited force behind our existence) Archetypes (forms for expressing portions of the content of the collective unconscious)8/6/2009Personality 1 expresses the personal and the self (note sm solely case s in self) Personality 2 is more in touch with the collective unconsciousExamples of archetypesShadow (the dark side of the conscious self or persona) Anima (the feminine aspect of the male psyche) Animus (the masculine aspect of the female psyche) The self-importance (the substantial deal discussed at near the end of the lecture)Jungs theory is a theory of oppositional forces Two first harmonic Attitudes Extraversion Introversion8/6/2009Four Psychic Functions Thinking Feeling Sensation misgivingPsychological TypesMyers-Briggs Type Indicator Go tohttp//www.humanmetrics.com/cgiwin /JTypes1.htm if you are interested in exploring the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. You can make water the test, read the result, and Look up what the results mean. No extra credit for doing that.Concepts pertaining to growth and development Equilibrium separated flow of energy across opposites Individuation Becoming familiar with and ability to use and synthesize all functions and other in-born capacities The Self The mother of all archetypes. The goal of personality development is the full realization of Self Mandala Major symbol of Self

Ms Syllabus

Birla initiate of Technology & Science, Pilani Work-Integrated Learning Programmes M. S. Microelectronics at BITS Pilani Professional teaching Centre, Bangalore Type of Input Sponsored employees (with adequate work go out in Microelectronics area) with a First Degree of BITS or its equivalent Duration Normally Four Semesters extra Feature This is a specially radiation patterned programme to meet the Human Resource Development requirements of heterogeneous collaborating organizations at Bangalore.Structured classes would be held in Bangalore regularly. Semesterwise Pattern Course No. Course Title Units First family First Semester MELTI ZG573MELTI ZG512MELTI ZG511MELTI ZG631 Digital Signal ProcessingEmbedded System normalDesign & Analysis of AlgorithmsPhysics & Modelling of Microelectronics Devices 3455 First Year Second Semester MELTI ZG621MELTI ZG632MELTI ZG641MELTI ZG611 VLSI Designanalogue IC Design CAD for IC DesignIC Fabrication Technology 5555 Second Year First Seme sterMELTI ZG642MELTI ZG531MELTI ZG625MELTI ZG651 VLSI ArchitectureTestability for VLSI Advanced Analog and Mixed Signal Design Hardware Software Co-Design 4554 Second Year Second Semester MELTI ZG629T discourse 20 Note This is the currently operative pattern as approved by the Senate-appointed committee, subject to change if the station warrants. Fee Schedule Application Processing Fees Rs. 800/-, Admission Fees Rs. 10000/-, Each Semester Fees Rs. 17500/-, Each Semester BITS Professional Development Centre Membership Fees Rs. 2500/-. Course Descriptions MELTI ZG511 Design & Analysis of Algorithms 5 Design techniques such as divide-and-conquer, recursion, backtracking, branch-and-bound, wile Analysis in terms of average level and worst level efficiency Relationship to assume data structures Illustrations dealing with problems in computer science, graph theory and mathematics Computational complexity and spring NP-hard and NP-complete problems. MELTI ZG512 Embedded Systems Design 4Introduction to embedded systems embedded architectures Architectures and programming of microcontrollers and DSPs. Embedded applications and technologies power issues in system innovation introduction to software and hardware co- send off. MELTI ZG531 Testability for VLSI 5 BIST, boundary sean, stuck-at faults, try on generation algorithms for combinatorial logical system circuits and serial circuits, logic simulation and fault simulation, synthesis for test, built in self test, pseudo-random test techniques, other test methods IDDQ testing, boundary scan etc.MELTI ZG573 Digital Signal Processing 3 Introduction design of analog filters design of digital filters (IIR and FIR) structures for the realization of digital filters random signals and random adjoines linear estimation and prediction Wiener filters DSP processor architecture DSP algorithms for different applications. MELTI ZG611 IC Fabrication Technology 5 Material properties Crystal growth and doping scattering oxi dation epitaxy Ion implantation Deposition of films using CVD, LPCVD and puttering techniques Wet and dry etching and cleaning Lithographic process Device and circuit fabrication Process modeling and simulation. MELTI ZG621 VLSI Design 5 Introduction to NMOS and CMOS circuits NMOS and CMOS processing engineering CMOS circuits and logic design circuit characterization and performance estimation Structured design and testing symbolical layout systems CMOS subsystem design System case studies.MELTI ZG625 Advanced Analog and Mixed Signal Design 5 Design of high speed comparators and Op-amps analog buffers different architectures of A/D and D/A converters analog multipliers and dividers design of PLLS design methods for switched capacitor filters sample and hold circuits mixed signal design issues noise coupling from substratum and its reduction cross talk and shielding analog layout techniques for mixed signal designs. MELTI ZG629T Dissertation 20A student registered in this course must take a topic in an area of professional interest gaunt from the on the job work requirement which is simultaneously of direct relevance to the degree pursued by the student as well as to the employing / collaborating organization of the student and submit a comprehensive underwrite at the end of the semester working under the overall supervision and guidance of a professional keen who will be deemed as the supervisor for evaluation of all components of the dissertation.Normally the Mentor of the student would be the Dissertation supervisor and in case Mentor is not approved as the supervisor, Mentor may tomboy the role of additional supervisor. The final grades for dissertation are Non-letter grades namely Excellent, Good, Fair and Poor, which do not go into CGPA computation. MELTI ZG631 Physics & Modeling of Microelectronics Devices5 Physics and Properties of semiconductor a review PN junction diode bipolar junction transistor Metal-semiconductor contacts JFET and MESFET MOS FET and scaling CCD and photonic devices.MELTI ZG632 Analog IC Design 5 Basic concepts BICMOS process and technology current and potential difference sources Differential and Operational Amplifiers Multipliers and modulators phase-lock techniques D-to-A and A- to-D converters Micropower circuits High voltage circuits Radiation Resistant Circuits Filter design considerations. MELTI ZG641 CAD for IC Design 5Introduction to VLSI design methodologies and supporting CAD tool environment Overview of C, Data structure, Graphics and CIF Concepts, structures and algorithms of some of the side by side(p) CAD tools Schematic editors Layout editors Module generators Silicon compilers Placement and routing tools Behavioral, functional, logic and circuit simulators Aids for test generation and testing. MELTI ZG642 VLSI Architecture 4Overview of CISC processor architectures Instruction set architecture of CISC processor hardware flow-charting methods implementing microprocessor logic from hardwa re flowcharts RISC instruction set architecture pipelined feat of RISC instructions pipeline execution unit design control hazards design of memory hierarchy. MELTI ZG651 Hardware Software Co-Design 4 FPGA and ASIC based design, Low-Power Techniques in RT Embedded Systems On-chip networking. Hardware Software partitioning and scheduling, Co-simulation, synthesis and verifications, Architecture mapping, HW-SW Interfaces and Re-configurable computing.

Partnering Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Partnering - look Proposal ExampleCompleteChapter 4Research FindingsResearch Instrument Prepared, data collection is in the processChapter 5Analysis and DiscussionIn progressChapter 6Conclusion In progressAppendixReference List for Literature look backwardA Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge, (2004) Third Edition, PMBOK Guide, Project Management InstituteBartels, R (1988). The History of Marketing Thought (3rd. edition Ed.). Columbus Publishing Horizons.Baden Hellard, R. (1995),Project Partnering Principle and Practice, Thomas Telford, London.Bennett, J. and Jayes, S. (1995),Trusting the Team The trump Practice Guide to Partnering in eddy, Centre for strategic Studies in Construction, University of Reading.Bennett, J. and Jayes, S. (1998),The Seven Pillars of partnering, A guide to gage generation partnering. TelfordBennett, J. (1991) International Construction Project Management. Butterworth.Bennett, J., Flanagan, R. and Norman, G. (1987) Capital and Countries Re port Japanese Construction Industry. Centre for Strategic Studies in Constructions Reading, UK.Bresnen, M. and Marshall, N. (2000) Partnering in construction a critical review of issues, problems and dilemmas. Construction Management and Economics, 18, 229-237.Bresnen, M. and Marshall, N. (2000) Building partnerships movement studies of client-contractor collaboration in the UK construction patience. Construction Management and Economics, 18, 819-832.Construction retrieved on 23 November 2009 from http//www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/sectors/construction/index.htmlConstruction Industry Development Agency (1993) Partnering A Strategy for Excellence. Construction Industry Development Agency and dominate Builders of Australia.Construction Industry Institute (1991) In Search of Excellence.... Haksever, A.M., Kim, H.S. and Pickering, G. (1995) Collaborative long-term relationships in UK construction industry A lost opportunity Proceedings of the11th ARCOM Conference, University of York, Yor k, UK.Pheng, L S (1999) The extension of construction partnering for relationship marketing, Marketing cognizance & Planning Volume 17 Issue 3 Page 155 - 162, ISSN 0263-4503, DOI 10.1108/02634509910271614, Publisher MCB UP Ltd available at http//www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/02634509910271614

Short Essay (What is Affluenza) Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

oblivious (What is Affluenza) - Essay ExampleIn the book, the authors suggest that affluenza is overemphasis to economic growth based on feelings of unfulfilled lives and characterized by overwork, indebtedness and waste in a bid to fulfill the Australian dream (Hamilton & Denniss, 2005).In explaining what they meant by affluenza, Professor Clive Hamilton and Richard Denniss begin by citing figures in the Australian economy. According to them, the countrys economy grew by $25 billion. In spite of this growth, there exists gross under-funding of education, health and transport. The two authors point out that Australians be so occupied with posh life that they forget their core role in providing essential services. Actually, they write that Australians today have real incomes three times higher than 1950 (Hamilton & Denniss, 2005 p. 4). However, although Australians are some of the richest people on earth, they are not willing to pay taxes so that social or public amenities much(p renominal) as education and health could be improved. According to Hamilton and Denniss (2005), Australia does not have a public health funding crisis it has a flat-screen TV crisis (p. 5). This seems to be the perfect description for affluenza being occupied with unnecessary overconsumption at the expense of most important things.There is no doubt that the book expressly challenges capitalism. According to Cowie (2008), capitalism promotes classism. This is well evident in the Australian consumption spirit. The quest for more wealth leads to competition and foundation garment of structures that benefit a few and disadvantage the majority. The rich become richer and the poor become poorer. No one is concerned with the welfare of the other. Instead of co-operating, people compete. This has led to propagation of classism and creation of vicious cycles of poverty in the society (Hart, 2010). Since the poor do not have an opportunity to better themselves, they become poorer. With reg ard to the rich, as a